New coronavirus variant XES: key information and recommendations for protection
In the fall of 2024, the emergence of a new subtype of the omicron strain of coronavirus began to be recorded in Russia. This variant, called XEC, was first identified back in May 2024, when the first cases were recorded in European countries. However, large-scale distribution began only with the beginning of the autumn period in September!
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currently, about 10% of reported cases of infection in the world are associated with this strain. It is likely that XES will become the leading variant among circulating variants in the near future. As of October 1, only 7 cases of infection with this variant have been confirmed in Russia. Although CES is derived from Omicron, it is more infectious due to its improved ability to evade immunity acquired from previous strains or vaccination. CES was first discovered in the spring of 2024 in Europe and since then has been rapidly spreading throughout various countries.
“The XES strain is a genetic and evolutionary descendant of omicron, first identified in 2021,” explains Olga Malinovskaya, head of the medical department of KDL laboratories at Medscan. — Previously, Omicron rapidly dominated other coronavirus variants, causing the bulk of the disease. To date, there is not enough information about exactly how an infection caused by CES will proceed. However, it is expected that the symptoms and course of the disease will be similar to other subtypes of omicron.”
Signs of infection with the XES strain
Symptoms are in many ways similar to classic omicron and include:
- Increased temperature;
- Sore throat;
- Cough;
- Runny nose;
- Headaches;
- Muscle pain and feeling of fatigue;
Loss of smell with COVID-19 is now much less common than in the early stages of the pandemic, and the disease more often resembles a common ARVI. The World Health Organization emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnosis and seeking medical help when symptoms first appear. Experts also pay attention to the likelihood of simultaneous infection with several viruses, such as influenza and coronavirus. Those who feel unwell are advised to stay home to prevent further spread of the infection.
How to protect yourself from CES infection
The WHO continues to recommend proven preventative measures: vaccination against the coronavirus, wearing masks in crowded places, and frequent hand washing. Regularly ventilating rooms and maintaining social distancing are also important. Vaccination remains one of the main methods of protection, as WHO-approved vaccines effectively prevent severe disease caused by the new variant existing vaccines approved by the World Health Organization are suitable for protection against the XEC strain. Currently, there is no information indicating that these vaccines are less effective against this variant. Vaccination has proven its ability to significantly reduce the risk of infection and severe complications.
“The fall season is traditionally accompanied by an increase in respiratory diseases. Colds, flu, and COVID-19 present with similar symptoms, and in some cases, simultaneous infection with several viruses is possible, which worsens the patient’s condition. Currently, it is important not to forget about the prevention of influenza, which is more common than the new coronavirus strain,” Malinovskaya notes. To accurately diagnose the pathogen causing respiratory diseases other than COVID-19, you can take the ARVI-Screen test. This test helps determine the viral nature of the illness and identify the specific virus causing it.
In addition to the measures listed above, it is important to strengthen your immune system with a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and adequate sleep. Avoid stress and consult a doctor at the first sign of illness to initiate treatment promptly. It is also important to remember your responsibility to others and, if symptoms of a respiratory illness appear, stay home, limiting contact with others.
It is equally important to practice good coughing and sneezing hygiene—cover your mouth and nose with a disposable tissue or your bent elbow to prevent the spread of viruses. When using public transportation or visiting public places, your mask should fit tightly to your face without gaps.
Health effects and treatment options for the XES strain
The XES strain often causes severe inflammation of the respiratory tract, which increases the risk of developing pneumonia. Patients with chronic lung disease and cardiovascular problems should closely monitor their symptoms and seek medical attention at the first sign of worsening symptoms.
The effect of the XES strain on health and treatment methods
The use of corticosteroids is necessary only as prescribed by a specialist, as improper use can worsen the condition due to suppression of the immune response. To monitor respiratory function, it is recommended to use a pulse oximeter at home, which allows for timely detection of hypoxia.
Rehabilitation after an infection includes breathing exercises and moderate physical activity. This helps restore pulmonary function and reduce the risk of long-term post-Covid manifestations. Vaccination and supportive care remain key measures to minimize the effects of the XEC strain.
New variant of the XES coronavirus: key information and recommendations for protection
